Are New Helsinki in Europe and New Westphalia Processes in West Asia Possible?
By Piri ·
Durable security orders in the international system emerge when the reality of power imposes itself on the parties. The 1648 Westphalia and 1975 Helsinki are strategic compromises that arose in situations where the parties could not eliminate each other. Today, the question is whether a new Helsinki is possible in Europe between Russia and the Collective West, and a new Westphalia process in West Asia among states such as Iran, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia.
Chapters
- Power Reality and Security Orders
- A New Historical Threshold
- The Foundation of Helsinki: Mutual Acceptance of Power
- Paris Charter and CFE
- CFE and OSCE Transformation
- The Breakdown of the Post-Cold War Balance of Power
- From Yugoslavia to NATO's Eastward Expansion
- Shift of Interventions to West Asia
- 2008 Georgia War: Russia's First Geopolitical Brake
- 2014 Ukraine Crisis and the Erosion of the Helsinki Order
- The Decisive Factor in the New Equation: China
- The New Helsinki Possibility and US Policy
- Building the New Helsinki
- The Shifting Geopolitical Landscape in West Asia
- The Israel Factor and the Sunni-Shia Divide
- Mecca Agreement and Regional Security
- The Intersection of Helsinki and Westphalia in the New Multipolarity
- Conclusion: From Hegemony to Balance of Power
- The Necessity of Strategic Realism
Adapted from CEM GURDENİZ.